Africa has no shortage of trade ambition. As the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) gains momentum, the bigger question is whether businesses can move goods across borders quickly enough, predictably enough and at a cost that turns that ambition into real growth. While the agreement has laid the foundation for a more connected market, businesses only realise its benefits when goods can move efficiently across borders.
“We’ve made important progress at a policy level with initiatives like AfCFTA, but the benefits are often diluted by operational friction,” says Nelson Teixeira, managing director of operations for Sub-Saharan Africa, FedEx,. “For many companies, particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs), the reality is that cross-border trade can still be more complex than it needs to be. Different customs requirements, inconsistent documentation processes, and lengthy border procedures continue to add cost and delay shipments.”
For South African SMEs looking to expand into new markets, those challenges have a direct impact on growth. South Africa sits at the base of vital trade routes, such as the North-South Corridor, which connects Southern Africa to East Africa. A business may have demand for its manufactured goods or agricultural products beyond its home market, but navigating customs requirements, compliance obligations and border processes can quickly become a barrier to scaling.
Teixeira also highlights logistics as one of the most important enablers of intra-African trade. Trade agreements can open markets, but they don’t move goods. In practice, it comes down to reliable supply chains, efficient transport corridors and borders that function the way they should. This is especially crucial for South African exporters who are increasingly looking to leverage regional opportunities to manage domestic economic pressures.
The rise of e-commerce has made this even more apparent. As more businesses sell to customers across borders through digital platforms, expectations around delivery speed, visibility, and reliability have shifted significantly.
“The customer experience doesn’t end when someone clicks ‘buy’,” says Teixeira. “It extends all the way to delivery. Businesses need logistics solutions that give them the confidence to reach customers wherever they are, without creating additional complexity.”
A delayed shipment is more than a logistics issue. For many smaller businesses, it can mean delayed revenue, or even lost customers and missed repeat sales opportunities. Improving border efficiency, in that sense, has a very real impact on competitiveness.
According to Teixeira, a large part of the solution lies in greater alignment between customs processes, regulatory requirements, and digital systems across the region.
“Standardisation may sound like a policy discussion, but its impact is very practical,” he explains. “When customs procedures are simpler and more consistent, businesses spend less time navigating paperwork and more time focusing on growth.”
This is particularly important for SMEs, many of which do not have dedicated compliance teams or specialist resources.
“Large organisations can invest heavily in trade compliance capabilities,” says Teixeria. “Smaller businesses often don’t have that luxury. That’s why simplifying processes and providing the right kind of support is so important.”
As customs authorities across South Africa and the continent continue to modernise their operations, technology is becoming a bigger part of the solution. Governments are investing more in automation, digital platforms and intelligence-driven processes designed to improve visibility, strengthen compliance, and reduce delays at ports of entry and border crossings.
Across the region, customs authorities are investing in digitisation and automation to improve compliance, visibility, and border efficiency. The private sector is evolving alongside these developments.
Beyond moving goods, logistics providers are increasingly expected to help businesses navigate complex cross-border requirements and manage compliance more effectively. FedEx, for example, continues to invest in digital tools and solutions designed to simplify international trade for businesses of all sizes.
Rather than leaving businesses to figure out the complexities of international shipping on their own, FedEx has focused on integrating digital tools that simplify the entire process. By providing comprehensive support, from preparing shipments and managing documentation to streamlining import clearance, FedEx helps businesses of all sizes overcome the administrative hurdles of cross-border trade. For e-commerce businesses, this means having access to cost effective, reliable international shipping options that take the friction out of reaching global customers. Furthermore, FedEx continues to enhance its delivery networks to support exporters. For instance, enhancements to International Priority services are helping South African exporters reach key global markets within two to three business days.
Teixeira also emphasised the importance of collaboration between governments, regulators, and the private sector to address the challenges that continue to slow trade across the continent. In many cases, delays aren’t caused by a single issue at the border itself, but by inefficiencies elsewhere in the supply chain, including duplicated inspections, fragmented systems, and limited coordination between different authorities.
“No single organisation will unlock Africa’s trade potential on its own,” he says. “It takes governments modernising customs, businesses investing in digital readiness and logistics providers helping connect markets more seamlessly. When those pieces come together, trade becomes faster, simpler, and far more accessible.”
As African economies become increasingly interconnected, logistics is playing a far greater role than simply moving goods from one place to another. It’s becoming a critical part of how businesses access new markets, compete more effectively, and grow beyond their home base.
“The opportunity for South African businesses is enormous,” Teixeira concludes. “The focus now should be on making trade easier to navigate so that more businesses can take advantage of the opportunities that exist, both within Africa and beyond.”
Nelson Teixeira, managing director of operations for Sub-Saharan Africa, FedEx
I find myself having the same conversations with business owners in late November – always too late to make a difference. They typically have three strong trading days as customers work through their wish lists. Then a public holiday comes and nothing moves, followed by a new week that opens with forty parcels sitting on a late collection and customers on WhatsApp politely asking where their orders are. You know that courtesy has a shelf life.
Most merchants treat that new week as something to survive, but working with them day-to-day has shown us that it is far more useful to use these long weekends as a dry run for the biggest shopping weekend of the year – Black Friday/Cyber Monday.
The upcoming Women’s Day long weekend provides an excellent opportunity to dry run the three pressures that define Black Friday: an order spike, a pause in collections, and a backlog clearing while new orders land. Get it wrong in August and you could lose a few customers; in November, you stand to lose the season.
This matters more each year as larger retailers keep shrinking the gap between order and doorstep, and shoppers expect everyone to match it. Services like Checkers Sixty60 have passed 100 million orders across close to 700 stores. The delivery speed shoppers expect from their grocery run has become the benchmark every other vendor is measured against. More people are placing more orders, and growing less patient with a poor delivery service.
Business owners have roughly ten weeks before an October system freeze locks things down. Here are four things you can do to stress test for Black Friday before it’s too late to make code changes.
1. The gap between purchase and waybill
Your first possible bottleneck sits just past checkout in the time between an order landing and you being able to create a waybill. Ideally, that gap is seconds. If it takes hours, or you are typing an address into a courier portal, you have found your first problem and higher order volumes will only worsen it.
Get ahead of this by tracking what stalls: failed connections, duplicate shipments, orders stuck on pending, anything needing a manual fix. On a well-integrated platform, that count sits near zero and the waybill follows the sale automatically, freeing your team to focus on the customer, not the admin.
2. What the customer sees after dispatch
Late parcels don’t automatically lose customers but silence can. A shopper who cannot see their order assumes the worst and messages you. Each assumption puts the success of your weekend and reputation at risk. Your focus should be on tracking exceptions, non-delivery reports (an NDR is logged when a courier cannot complete a delivery), return-to-origin rates, repeat attempts, and “where is my order” messages piling up.
Many failed deliveries are caused by a wrong or incomplete address, and each one comes with costs: a redelivery, the time cost of a support call, and sometimes the sale itself. Proactive tracking systems that keep customers up to date answer most of those questions before they are asked.
3. Courier performance on your own routes
Most merchants set their courier rules once and never look at them again, and many take advertised transit times at face value rather than as a claim to test. Testing these systems and asking critical questions of your courier partner is the key to getting ahead of any problems.
Testing lets you quantify the value you are getting from each courier and plan for contingencies. Relying on a single courier means your only backup plan is hope. The stress of managing multiple delivery providers, however, pulls your attention away from your customer. Platforms that give you the option to choose from multiple couriers enable stability even when systems are under pressure.
4. Every step that still needs a person
Question every manual process: courier allocation, waybill generation, address correction, customer notifications, status updates. When you are small, doing some of these by hand is manageable; for a business that is scaling, this quickly becomes unsustainable.
Note every point where someone had to step in to complete a routine task and treat each one as something to automate or rewrite. The right setup takes that work off your team entirely: a single integrated platform that turns a sale into a waybill, multi-courier routing that reroutes in seconds, and tracking that keeps customers informed before they need to ask.
Read the data the week after the holiday, fix your three biggest weaknesses by the end of September, and confirm the fixes hold before the freeze. Do that and the calm forty-order weekend and the frantic four-hundred-order one should feel the same to your team. Leave the diagnosis until Black Friday and you will learn the same lessons at a far higher price.
The South African Freight and Logistics Association (SAFLA) and the Association of Meat Importers and Exporters of South Africa (AMIE SA) have signed a Memorandum of Cooperation (MoC) to deepen collaboration on the logistics, port-operational and regulatory issues affecting South Africa’s meat trade.
SAFLA and AMIE SA will use the MoC to identify recurring constraints, exchange evidence and develop practical, solutions-focused proposals for engagement with government agencies and stakeholders. The partnership will support constructive dialogue on port operations, border processes, veterinary and sanitary requirements, market access, rail and road connectivity, and supply-chain resilience.
A United Voice to Find Practical Solutions
“Logistics is fundamental to food security, trade competitiveness and economic growth,” says Jonathan McDonald, Vice Chairman of SAFLA. “This MoC gives SAFLA and AMIE SA a stronger platform to speak with one informed voice, engage constructively with government agencies and work with them to resolve issues that affect cargo flow, costs and reliability. We are most effective when industry brings evidence, expertise and practical solutions to the table.”
Paul Matthew, CEO of AMIE SA, adds that improved collaboration between industry and government is essential if South Africa is to turn trade opportunities into measurable growth. “We have the product, the capability and markets that are ready to buy South African meat,” Matthew notes. “What is required is effective coordination: clear communication between national and provincial authorities, efficient certification and inspection processes, and a willingness to bring the private sector into the solution.”
For meat exporters, the ability to supply international customers consistently is crucial. Delays in market-access processes and veterinary approvals can cause buyers to source from alternative suppliers. Animal-health events remain a trade risk, underlining the importance of robust traceability, credible controls and internationally accepted approaches to regionalisation.
Matthew highlights that trade is not a zero-sum choice between exports and domestic affordability. “Export markets enable producers to obtain value for different cuts across the carcass. That improves overall carcass balance and can support a more sustainable, affordable domestic supply,” he says.
The MoC recognises that food safety and regulatory compliance are non-negotiable. Its purpose is to support processes that are rigorous, proportionate and consistently applied, while ensuring that avoidable administrative bottlenecks do not undermine trade, jobs or consumer access to protein.
AMIE SA estimates that South Africa exported approximately 81,000 tonnes of red meat, including beef, sheep and goat meat, worth around R63 billion between 2025 and May 2026, demonstrating the significant economic potential of the sector even amid disease-related and administrative constraints.
The freight-forwarding sector that enables this trade is itself substantial, with South Africa’s freight-forwarding market estimated to have generated approximately R81 billion in revenue in 2025. Freight forwarders also coordinate more than 80% of the country’s international trade, reinforcing the strategic importance of efficient, reliable logistics systems.
Room for Further Improvement
“Meat trade depends on logistics, predictable inspection and cargo-release processes, veterinary controls, and reliable access to international markets,” continues McDonald. “When these systems do not operate in concert, the consequences are felt by producers, importers, exporters, cold stores, transporters, processors, retailers and consumers.”
While there have been encouraging improvements in infrastructure and equipment in the Durban port, industry continues to confront operational pressure points, including cold-chain capacity, container handling, inspection coordination and release of consignments.
“Through industry engagement, communication and joint advocacy, SAFLA and AMIE SA intend to help convert recurring challenges into coordinated action,” concludes McDonald. “The associations believe that a unified industry voice, combined with respectful partnership with government, can improve the country’s logistics ecosystem, strengthen national supply-chain performance and support a competitive, resilient South African meat sector.”
Jonathan McDonald – Vice Chair of SAFLA, with Paul Matthew, CEO of AMIE SA
Jonathan McDonald – Vice Chair of SAFLA, with Paul Matthew, CEO of AMIE SA
For years, logistics was measured by what people could see. Trucks left the depot, containers arrived at the port and pallets moved through warehouses. Success depended on getting goods from one place to another safely and on time.
That hasn’t changed, but something else has. Every one of those movements now creates information. A delivery being delayed, inventory running low or a vehicle taking longer than expected to complete its route all leave behind data that businesses can use to make better decisions.
Increasingly, it’s that information – not just the movement of goods – that is shaping modern supply chains.
Every Movement Tells a Story
A truck doesn’t simply complete a delivery anymore. It records where it travelled, how long the journey took, where delays occurred and when it arrived. Inside the warehouse, inventory systems track how quickly products move, which items are picked most often and where bottlenecks begin to develop.
On their own, those numbers don’t mean much. Put them together over weeks or months, however, and patterns start to emerge. Businesses can see where time is being lost, which routes perform consistently well and where small changes could improve efficiency.
Turning Information Into Action
Most businesses already have access to vast amounts of operational data. The real challenge isn’t collecting more information—it’s knowing what deserves attention and what can be ignored.
A delayed delivery, slower picking times or a recurring bottleneck in the warehouse might seem like isolated incidents. Over time, though, those patterns can reveal where processes are slowing down, where costs are creeping in or where customer service is starting to suffer. The businesses gaining the greatest value from data aren’t necessarily collecting more of it. They’re using it to make everyday decisions with greater confidence.
Spotting Problems Before They Grow
Not long ago, supply chain reports were largely used to explain why something had gone wrong. By the time the numbers reached someone’s desk, the disruption had already happened and teams were focused on recovering rather than preventing it.
Today, businesses have a much clearer view of what’s happening as goods move through the supply chain. A warehouse beginning to fall behind, unexpected congestion on a transport route or stock running lower than expected can often be identified early enough for teams to step in before those issues become much bigger problems.
It’s Not About Having More Data
The amount of information flowing through the supply chain continues to grow, but that doesn’t automatically make a business more efficient. Poor-quality data can be just as frustrating as having no data at all, especially when different teams are working from conflicting information.
For many organisations, the focus has shifted from collecting more data to making existing information more accurate, consistent and accessible. When everyone is working from the same reliable picture, decisions become quicker, communication improves and the supply chain becomes far easier to manage.
The supply chain will always be built around moving goods, but understanding what happens between each stage has become just as important. Businesses that can turn everyday operational information into practical decisions will be far better placed to respond as the industry continues to evolve.