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Materials Handling

Why Materials Handling Is Becoming a Bigger Issue Across Africa

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Warehouse worker using a pallet jack to transport packages
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Walk into almost any busy warehouse in Africa and you will see the same problem playing out.

A forklift is waiting for stock that has not been received properly. Pallets are stacked in the wrong place. Drivers are queuing outside loading bays. Someone is looking for a specific product that should have been dispatched two hours ago. Meanwhile, the sales team is asking why the customer has not received their order.

Most of the time, the problem is not that the warehouse does not have enough space. It is that goods are not moving through the space properly.

That is why materials handling is becoming a much bigger issue across Africa.

For years, many businesses treated warehousing as a back-end function. Goods came in, goods were stored, and eventually goods went out. But as retail networks expand, more products move across borders, and e-commerce grows, warehouses are under pressure to work faster and more accurately.

The forklift, pallet jack, racking system and loading bay have become far more important than they used to be.

The warehouse is no longer just a storage space

In Johannesburg, Nairobi, Lagos, Accra and Dar es Salaam, warehouses are becoming busier and more complex.

A business may receive imported stock through a port, move it into a warehouse, distribute it across several regions and then deliver smaller orders to retailers or customers. Every delay in the warehouse adds cost.

Take a food distributor as an example. A shipment arrives at the port and is transported to a warehouse outside Johannesburg. If the receiving team does not process it quickly, the stock sits on the floor. If the pallets are not correctly labelled, they may end up in the wrong storage area. If the picking team cannot find the stock when an order comes through, the truck leaves late.

That delay then affects the retailer, the shelf availability and eventually the customer.

It is easy to blame transport when deliveries are late. But in many cases, the delay started inside the warehouse.

Forklifts are still doing the heavy lifting

Despite all the talk about automation, most African warehouses still rely heavily on forklifts and people.

That is not necessarily a problem. A well-run warehouse with the right equipment can be highly efficient. The issue comes when companies use the wrong equipment for the job.

A small electric forklift may work perfectly in a clean indoor warehouse handling packaged goods. Put that same forklift into a rough outdoor yard with uneven surfaces, heavy loads and long operating hours, and it may struggle.

The same applies in reverse. A diesel forklift may be ideal for loading trucks in an outdoor building materials yard, but it is not always the best choice for a food or pharmaceutical warehouse where emissions and indoor air quality matter.

The equipment needs to fit the operation.

Many businesses make buying decisions based only on price. They look at the cost of the machine, but not the cost of downtime, repairs, fuel, battery charging, tyres, operator comfort or lost productivity.

The cheapest forklift is not always the cheapest option over three years.

A bad layout creates unnecessary work

One of the biggest problems in warehouses is poor layout.

You will often find fast-moving products stored at the back of the warehouse while slow-moving stock sits close to the dispatch area. Forklift operators spend large parts of the day driving from one end of the warehouse to the other. Pickers walk long distances. Trucks wait at loading bays because stock is not ready.

This is not always because people are working slowly. It is because the warehouse has been set up badly.

A simple example is a distributor that supplies supermarkets. The products that leave every day should be close to the dispatch area. Seasonal products or slow-moving stock can be stored further away. That sounds obvious, but many warehouses grow over time without anyone stepping back and redesigning the flow.

The result is that staff work harder than they need to.

In some cases, a better layout can improve productivity without buying a single new forklift or expanding the building.

Safety becomes harder as warehouses get busier

As warehouse activity increases, safety becomes more important.

Forklifts and pedestrians often operate in the same space. Trucks reverse into loading bays. Pallets are stored high in racking. Batteries are charged in corners of the warehouse. It only takes one mistake for someone to get hurt or for stock to be damaged.

The problem is that safety is often only taken seriously after an incident.

A forklift driver may be experienced, but that does not help if pedestrians are walking through blind corners. A warehouse may have good racking, but that does not help if pallets are overloaded or damaged. A loading bay may be busy, but that does not mean trucks should be allowed to move without clear procedures.

Basic controls make a difference: marked walkways, speed limits, proper lighting, daily forklift checks, racking inspections and regular operator training.

These are not glamorous changes, but they are the ones that prevent accidents and keep operations moving.

Technology is helping, but it does not need to be complicated

When people hear “warehouse technology”, they often think about robots and fully automated fulfilment centres.

That is not the reality for most businesses in Africa.

For many operators, the most useful technology is basic. Barcode scanners. Warehouse management systems. Digital stock counts. Simple dashboards. Better order tracking.

A warehouse does not need robots to become more efficient. It needs to know what stock it has, where it is stored and what needs to move next.

For example, a spare parts distributor may lose time because staff rely on paper records and memory to find stock. A basic barcode system can reduce errors and make it easier to locate parts quickly.

A retailer may struggle with stock discrepancies because goods are not scanned properly when they arrive. A simple receiving process with handheld devices can improve accuracy almost immediately.

Technology should solve a problem. It should not be bought because it sounds impressive in a presentation.

Africa’s logistics challenges make materials handling more important

Across Africa, supply chains already face challenges around transport costs, border delays, infrastructure constraints and inconsistent delivery times.

That means warehouses need to be more efficient, not less.

If stock takes longer to arrive because of a border delay or port congestion, the warehouse needs to manage available stock carefully. If transport is expensive, companies cannot afford to send half-empty trucks or make repeated deliveries because orders were picked incorrectly.

Materials handling sits right in the middle of this.

It affects how quickly goods can be received, how accurately stock can be stored, how efficiently orders can be picked and how reliably trucks can leave the warehouse.

For businesses operating across borders, this becomes even more important. A delay in a warehouse in Gauteng can affect a customer in Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique or Namibia.

The businesses that get it right will move faster

The companies that will perform best are not necessarily the ones with the biggest warehouses or the newest equipment.

They will be the businesses that understand their own operation.

They will know which products move fastest. They will maintain their equipment. They will train their operators. They will design warehouses around flow, not just storage. They will use technology where it makes sense. And they will treat materials handling as part of customer service, not just a warehouse issue.

Because when goods move properly inside the warehouse, everything else becomes easier.

Trucks leave on time. Customers get their orders. Stock levels are more accurate. Staff spend less time fixing mistakes. And the business has a better chance of competing in a market where speed and reliability matter more every year.

Across Africa, the warehouse floor is becoming a place where supply chain performance is won or lost.

And in many cases, it comes down to something simple: how well goods are handled between arrival and dispatch.

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Logistics

Building Supply Chain Resilience When Weather Disrupts the Network.

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Aerial shot of a blue delivery van driving in a heavy storm.

Heavy rain, dense fog, flooding and icy conditions can affect roads, routes and delivery schedules with little warning. For businesses, the consequences can move quickly beyond a delayed parcel. Inventory can be stranded, customer commitments can be missed, production schedules can be disrupted and revenue can be put under pressure.

In South Africa, disruption is often localised. Rain in the Western Cape, fog in parts of Gauteng and Mpumalanga, or hazardous conditions on inland routes may affect one part of a network while operations elsewhere continue. In a connected network, however, a local disruption can create a wider ripple effect when shipments, inventory and delivery commitments depend on connected routes.

For FedEx, resilience is therefore not about trying to eliminate disruption. It is about having enough visibility to see risk early, enough flexibility to adjust the plan and the operational capability to respond before a local problem becomes a wider business issue.

“Weather can add another layer of complexity to logistics operations, especially when poor visibility, road closures or changing conditions affect planned routes,” says Nelson Teixeira, Managing Director of Operations for Sub-Saharan Africa at FedEx. “Businesses that understand where their risks are and have contingency plans in place are in a stronger position to adjust when needed and communicate proactively with customers.”

FedEx transport van travelling through the country side.

Prepare for Disruption

The strongest response to a weather event often begins before the weather arrives. Businesses should know which shipments, routes and inventory positions are most critical to continuity. That can mean identifying alternative routes, allowing appropriate contingency in time-sensitive deliveries, reviewing where critical inventory is held, and establishing clear priorities for shipments that cannot afford extended delays.

This is where the relationship with a logistics provider matters. A resilient network is not simply a collection of transport options; it is the ability to use those options when circumstances change.

For businesses moving urgent or export-bound goods, flexibility can also mean having access to services designed around time-sensitive international movement. FedEx International Priority® is a time-definite, customs-cleared international service available to more than 220 countries and territories, with shipment tracking included. The value during disruption is not simply speed; it is having a defined service option when timing is central to a customer or commercial commitment. Availability and transit times vary by origin, destination and shipment.

See Risk Earlier

Preparation creates flexibility. Visibility helps businesses know when to act.

“Good visibility gives businesses more options,” says Teixeira. “If you know where a shipment is and can see where delays may be developing, you have a better chance of responding early. That might mean adjusting a plan, preparing for a revised delivery time or simply giving a customer an update before they have to ask.”

FedEx offers a range of visibility, monitoring and intervention capabilities designed to support critical shipments. For selected shipments, FedEx Priority Alert® provides enhanced shipment status tracking and operational recovery procedures. For temperature-sensitive shipments, Priority Alert Plus™ adds proactive intervention capabilities, including re-icing, gel-pack replenishment and cold storage. These services are designed to give critical shipments additional oversight when conditions become more challenging.

Respond with Agility

Once disruption is developing, the advantage comes from being able to act before every option has narrowed. A route may need to change or a customer may need a revised expectation. Inventory or receiving teams may need to prepare for a different arrival time. The earlier businesses can identify the risk and assess their options, the more opportunity they have to mitigate its impact.


This is particularly relevant in South Africa, where disruption in one corridor can have consequences across a connected network. The ability to recognise and absorb that disruption quickly therefore becomes critical.

For businesses, communication is part of that response. Customers may accept that weather is outside a company’s control, but uncertainty is harder to manage. Realistic, revised timelines and proactive updates give customers something they can plan around.

“Reliability does not mean that everything will always go exactly according to plan,” says Teixeira. “Sometimes unexpected challenges arise and delays happen. The key is having the right information, coordinating closely and responding in a way that keeps both the business and the customer informed.”

That is the practical meaning of resilience in a logistics network. It is not the promise that disruption will never happen, but the ability to see risk, adapt and reduce the uncertainty surrounding it.

Weather will continue to disrupt routes, close roads and put pressure on delivery networks. Businesses cannot control those conditions, but they can prepare for where disruption matters most and respond while there is still time to act.


That can help protect inventory, business continuity and customer commitments, while maintaining the confidence that customers place in a business when it matters most.

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Management

Why Local Procurement is Back in the Spotlight

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Man holding phone face up with a hologram of procurement icons displaying from it

Not too long ago, many procurement decisions followed a familiar pattern.

If a product could be sourced overseas at a lower price, it often made commercial sense to do so. Global supply chains were relatively predictable, shipping schedules were dependable and businesses had confidence that products would arrive when they were needed.

Today, the conversation sounds a little different.

Price still matters, but it isn’t always the first question being asked.

Businesses are increasingly weighing up reliability, lead times and supply chain resilience alongside cost. In many cases, that has brought local procurement back into the conversation.

Reliability Has Become Part of the Cost

The cheapest supplier isn’t always the most affordable once delays, shortages or unexpected disruptions are taken into account.

Waiting several extra weeks for imported stock can affect production schedules, inventory levels and customer deliveries. Sometimes the additional costs created by those delays outweigh the savings made on the original purchase.

That doesn’t mean international sourcing has become the wrong choice. Far from it.

It simply means procurement teams are looking at a much broader picture than they were a few years ago.

Being Closer Brings Greater Flexibility

One of the biggest advantages of working with local suppliers isn’t necessarily shorter transport distances.

It’s the ability to respond when circumstances change.

If demand suddenly increases, specifications need to be adjusted or an urgent order becomes necessary, businesses can often work much more closely with suppliers operating in the same market. Conversations happen more quickly, site visits are easier to arrange and lead times are generally easier to manage.

That flexibility has become increasingly valuable in an environment where supply chains can change with very little warning.

Local Doesn’t Solve Every Problem

Buying locally doesn’t mean supply chain challenges suddenly disappear.

South African businesses still deal with transport delays, infrastructure constraints and the unexpected disruptions that have become part of doing business. A supplier based a few hundred kilometres away can still experience production delays or struggle to get products where they need to be.

That’s why the conversation isn’t really about choosing local over international suppliers.

It’s about understanding where local procurement makes sense and where global suppliers still offer the best solution. For many businesses, the strongest supply chains aren’t built around one approach. They’re built around having options when circumstances change.

Better Relationships Often Lead to Better Outcomes

One of the biggest advantages of working with local suppliers has very little to do with geography.

It’s the relationship that develops over time.

When businesses work together regularly, they begin to understand each other’s operations a little better. Suppliers gain a clearer picture of production cycles and demand patterns, while customers develop confidence in how their suppliers respond when plans inevitably change.

That familiarity becomes especially valuable when something unexpected happens. Conversations are often quicker, decisions can be made sooner and problems are more likely to be worked through together rather than passed from one email to the next.

Strong supplier relationships don’t remove every challenge, but they can make those challenges much easier to manage.

Value Looks Different Than It Used To

There was a time when procurement conversations were largely centred around price.

Today, they’re much broader.

Businesses still want competitive pricing, but they’re also asking how reliable a supplier has been, how quickly they respond when something changes and whether they can be counted on when the unexpected happens.

Those questions don’t always produce the cheapest answer.

They often produce the most dependable one.

That’s one of the reasons local procurement has found its way back into so many boardroom discussions. Not because it’s always the better option, but because businesses are placing greater value on certainty, flexibility and relationships than they did a few years ago.

In an environment where supply chains can change overnight, knowing who you can rely on has become just as important as knowing what something costs.

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Logistics

Why Warehouses Are Moving Closer to Customers

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Landscape shot of warehouses in the city

Not long ago, most deliveries followed a fairly predictable route. Products arrived at a large distribution centre, were stored until needed and then transported to stores or customers across the country.

That model still plays an important role, but changing customer expectations are reshaping the way many businesses think about warehousing.

Today, shoppers expect groceries in under an hour, online orders within a day or two and accurate delivery updates every step of the way. Meeting those expectations isn’t always about driving faster. Increasingly, it’s about storing products closer to where customers already are.

Bigger Isn’t Always Better

For years, businesses focused on building large distribution centres that could supply entire regions from a single location. Centralising inventory reduced operating costs and made stock easier to manage.

As online shopping has grown, however, a different challenge has emerged.

Sending every order from one large facility often means longer delivery distances, increased transport costs and less flexibility during busy periods.

That’s why many retailers are complementing their larger distribution centres with smaller fulfilment facilities positioned closer to urban areas.

Speed Starts Inside the Warehouse

Businesses such as Checkers have shown how customer expectations have changed. Services like Sixty60 have raised the bar for grocery deliveries, making rapid order fulfilment part of everyday retail rather than a premium offering.

Behind those deliveries is a network designed for speed. Products are stored closer to customers, picked quickly and dispatched within minutes of an order being placed.

Retailers such as Takealot and Amazon South Africa are also investing in fulfilment networks that shorten the distance between inventory and customers, helping reduce delivery times while improving service levels.

It’s Not About Replacing Large Warehouses

Smaller fulfilment centres aren’t replacing traditional distribution centres.

Instead, they’re becoming another layer within the supply chain.

Large facilities continue receiving bulk stock, managing inventory and supplying regional networks. Smaller urban facilities focus on processing customer orders quickly, allowing businesses to respond to growing demand for faster deliveries without placing unnecessary pressure on their main warehouses.

Each type of facility has a different role, but together they create a more flexible distribution network.

The Warehouse Is Getting Closer

As delivery expectations continue to evolve, businesses are rethinking where inventory should be stored rather than simply how quickly it can be transported.

For many organisations, that means bringing products closer to customers, reducing the distance between an online order and the front door. It’s a reminder that faster deliveries don’t always begin with the truck. More often, they begin with where the warehouse is located in the first place.

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