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Africa Free Trade Agreement Could Drive Improvement of SA’s Port Infrastructure

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Durban Harbor

South Africa is one of the strongest African markets and a gateway for other countries to trade with others throughout sub-Saharan Africa. However, the country urgently needs to improve its port infrastructure. Countries with inadequate ports will not be able to properly benefit from the Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) as trade starts to liberalise in Africa.

In May 2021, the World Bank and IHS Markit released their global Container Port Performance Index (CPPI). The Index is based on total port hours per ship call, which is defined as the elapsed time between when a ship reaches a port to its departure from the berth having completed its cargo exchange. South African ports performed quite poorly. Out of 351 facilities, the Index ranked Cape Town at 347th; Port Elizabeth at 348th; Durban at 349th; and Ngqura at 315th.

According to the Index, “More than four-fifths of global merchandise trade by volume are carried by sea, and approximately 35% of total volumes and over 60% of commercial value is shipped in containers.”

Port Technology reports that research conducted by the terminal operating system provider Navis, found the following to be the biggest areas of concern:

  • Optimisation
  • Cost reduction
  • Improving yard operations

Port inefficiency can be considered a non-tariff trade barrier, and it is within the power of governments to eliminate all manner of such barriers if they want to encourage more trade both into and out of ports.

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The Ripple Effect of One Late Delivery

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A truck running a few hours behind schedule doesn’t usually make headlines.

On its own, it might seem like a minor delay. But modern supply chains are built around timing, and when one delivery falls behind, the effects can quickly spread far beyond the vehicle itself.

A supplier may need to adjust production, a warehouse could reshuffle its receiving schedule, transport planners might reroute deliveries and customers may find themselves waiting longer than expected. What begins as a single delay often becomes a series of small decisions across the supply chain, each one helping the business get back on track.

Every Delivery Fits Into a Bigger Plan

By the time a delivery vehicle leaves a supplier, a lot has already happened.

Production has been completed, warehouse space has been allocated, transport has been booked and customers have been given expected delivery dates. None of those decisions happen in isolation. They’re connected, and each one depends on the previous step going according to plan.

When a delivery arrives late, that carefully planned sequence starts to shift. Warehouse teams may need to rearrange unloading schedules, transport providers adjust routes and operations managers rethink the rest of the day’s workload.

The delay doesn’t stop when the truck arrives. It simply moves somewhere else.

Timing Matters on the Production Line

Manufacturing is one of the clearest examples of why reliable deliveries matter.

Companies such as Volkswagen Group South Africa and Toyota South Africa Motors depend on thousands of parts arriving throughout the day to support production. While manufacturers build flexibility into their operations wherever possible, production still relies on components being available when they’re needed.

If a shipment arrives later than expected, teams don’t simply stop working. They look for ways to keep production moving, whether that’s changing the order of work, using available stock or adjusting schedules until the missing components arrive.

Behind every delay is a team working to prevent it from becoming a much bigger problem.

Warehouses Keep Everything Moving

Warehouses often become the place where those adjustments happen.

A late delivery can mean several trucks arriving together instead of throughout the day. Receiving teams may need to reorganise unloading bays, move labour between tasks or change the order in which shipments are processed to keep goods moving.

The faster those decisions are made, the less likely the disruption is to affect the next stage of the supply chain.

That’s one of the reasons businesses have invested so heavily in real-time visibility. Knowing about a delay before a truck reaches the warehouse gives operations teams valuable time to adapt rather than react.

Customers Only See the Last Part of the Journey

Most customers never see the planning that happens behind the scenes.

They don’t see the warehouse changing its schedule or the transport planner finding another solution. What they experience is the final outcome: whether the product arrives when they expected it to.

That’s why communication has become such an important part of modern logistics. If businesses can keep customers informed while solving problems in the background, they’re far more likely to maintain trust, even when things don’t go exactly as planned.

A reliable supply chain isn’t one where every delivery is perfect. It’s one where people, processes and technology work together to keep disruption from spreading any further than it has to.

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Logistics

Why Regional Trade Isn’t as Simple as Crossing a Border

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On a map, regional trade looks straightforward. South Africa shares borders with six neighbouring countries, while the Southern African Development Community (SADC) connects businesses across a market of hundreds of millions of people. Moving goods across the region should, in theory, be one of the easiest ways for businesses to grow.

The reality is often far more complicated.

Getting a truck from Johannesburg to Gaborone or Lusaka involves much more than covering the distance. Border procedures, customs requirements, road infrastructure and transport delays all influence how quickly goods reach their destination. For many businesses, crossing a border remains one of the least predictable parts of the journey.

The Border Is Often Where Momentum Slows

A truck arriving at a border post isn’t necessarily close to completing its journey. Depending on the route, drivers can spend hours, and sometimes longer, waiting for documentation to be processed, inspections to be completed or traffic to clear.

Those delays don’t just affect delivery schedules. Vehicles remain out of service for longer, transport costs increase and businesses lose flexibility when responding to customer demand.

For companies managing time-sensitive goods or tightly planned delivery schedules, a delay at the border can quickly affect the rest of the supply chain.

Every Border Brings Different Requirements

Moving freight between countries also means navigating different customs procedures, import regulations and documentation requirements.

While many businesses work with experienced freight forwarders and customs clearing agents, cross-border trade still requires careful planning. A missing document, an incorrect tariff code or an unexpected regulatory requirement can delay an entire shipment.

As companies expand into regional markets, understanding these operational differences becomes just as important as understanding the customers they’re supplying.

Infrastructure Doesn’t End at the Port

South Africa has one of the region’s most developed logistics networks, but regional trade depends on much more than local infrastructure.

Road conditions, rail connectivity, border facilities and transport corridors all influence how efficiently goods move once they leave the country. A well-managed warehouse or an efficient port operation means little if the next stage of the journey becomes a bottleneck.

That’s why logistics businesses are increasingly looking beyond individual facilities and considering the performance of the entire transport corridor.

Opportunity Doesn’t Stop at the Border

There’s no shortage of opportunity for businesses looking beyond South Africa’s borders. Regional trade continues to grow, and agreements such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) are helping create a stronger foundation for doing business across the continent.

The bigger challenge is making those opportunities work in practice. A trade agreement may make it easier to do business on paper, but goods still need to clear borders, travel along reliable transport corridors and arrive on time. That’s where logistics becomes the difference between opportunity and reality.

Regional trade will continue to evolve, but one thing is unlikely to change. Businesses will always depend on supply chains that can move goods across borders efficiently, consistently and with as few delays as possible.

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Logistics

DP World Leaders Announced as Keynote Speakers at GCCA African Cold Chain Conference 

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Two leaders at global logistics pioneer DP World are announced as keynote speakers for the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA) African Cold Chain Conference in Johannesburg, taking place September 2-3, 2026.

DP World operates in every continent of the globe, employing more than 126,000 people from 169 nationalities, powering international trade through a range of solutions including cold chain logistics across ocean, air, road and rail. William Sears, Chief Commercial Officer Logistics for Africa at DP World; and Mohammed Mahomedy, Head of Infrastructure and Rail for Africa at DP World, will take to the conference main stage on September 3 to share their insights into DP World’s approach to integrated logistics at scale in practice.

  • William Sears has over 20 years’ experience in logistics and supply chain optimisation across a range of industries and disciplines. Having joined South African logistics business Imperial in 2010, William was appointed to DP World leadership following Imperial’s acquisition by the global business in 2022.
  • Mohammed Mahomedy leads DP World’s development of the company’s rail and ports integration strategy across the African continent. He is responsible for identifying strategic opportunities that support the expansion of DP World’s presence across the broader logistics value chain in line with its long-term objectives in Africa.

The GCCA African Cold Chain Conference will bring together temperature-controlled logistics businesses and partners from across the continent to examine the industry’s most pressing challenges and exciting opportunities, exploring the theme of ‘It’s Time for Dialogue: Exploring Progress, Priorities, and Partnerships’. The event includes an outstanding program of renowned speakers, panel discussions, networking receptions and a high-quality exhibition. Find out more and register at www.gcca.org/events/gcca-african-cold-chain-conference.  

GCCA Senior Vice President Global Market Engagement Adam Thocher said: “I am delighted that DP World’s William Sears and Mohammed Mahomedy will be sharing their insights and experiences on the crucial topic of integrated logistics at scaleas the keynote speakers at the 2026 GCCA African Cold Chain Conference. Temperature-controlled logistics operations are expanding throughout the continent:connecting Africa’s cold chain and investing in associated infrastructure will be fundamental to Africa’s future food resilience and global trade opportunities. The GCCA conference is creating a unique forum for cold chain operators and partners to discuss the food supply chain’s challenges and opportunities at national and global levels.”

The two DP World leaders will be joining an outstanding line-up of expert speakers at the conference, including:

  • Brent Melvin (General Manager RSA Logistics Dubai) sharing experiences of the cold chain’s response to extreme disruption in the Middle East
  • Dr. John Deng Diar Diing (Executive Secretary of the Northern Corridor Transit and Transport Coordination Authority), discussing regional corridors as catalysts for intra-African trade
  • Dr. Newton Matope (CEO of Cold Solutions Kenya and GCCA Africa Chairman), exploring the temperature-controlled logistics industry in the continent, and
  • Sara Stickler (President & CEO, GCCA) and Adam Thocher (Senior Vice President, Global Market Engagement, GCCA) on GCCA’s priorities and action in Africa.

Find out more about the GCCA African Cold Chain Conference 2026 at www.gcca.org/events/gcca-african-cold-chain-conference/

Mohammed Mahomedy Head of Rail and Infrastructure for Africa at DP World

William Searss, Chief Commercial Officer Logistics Africa, DP World

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